We know more about how childhood shapes adulthood than previous generations did. But when we talk about adversity, there could be an endless range of experiences. Losing at Monopoly after landing on Mayfair with a hotel may have felt devastating as a child, but adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to more severe stressors, ranging from abuse and neglect to bullying,...
“Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with trait X” we write when reporting results of observational studies. Replace “trait X” with, for instance,...
Prescriptions for antidepressant medication continue to rise in the UK and globally, partly driven by increasing long-term treatment (Mars et al., 2017). Recent...
Why do some people develop psychiatric disorders while others do not? Despite decades of research, this question remains difficult to answer. Psychiatric disorders...
Worldwide, about 600,000 deaths were attributable to drug overdose in 2019 (WHO, 2025). Evidence suggests that the risk of overdose is elevated among...