Alzheimer’s disease (dementia): Stages, symptoms, treatment, medications, pathophysiology, nursing interventions, NCLEX review.
Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that affects the brain. It leads to the gradual loss of cognitive, motor, and communication abilities.
Quiz:
There are various stages of Alzheimer’s disease. These stages include: Preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mild Alzheimer’s disease (Early Stage), Moderate Alzheimer’s disease (Middle Stage), and Severe Alzheimer’s disease (Late Stage).
The pathophysiology of this disease involves beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which leads to the impediment of communication between neurons, and eventually the death of these neurons. Note: there is some controversy right now over this theory, so our scientific understanding of the patho may change with more research.
Testing for Alzheimer’s disease includes: cognitive assessments, mental evaluation, diagnostic imaging (MRI, CT, and amyloid PET scan), biomarkers (cerebrospinal fluid CSF assessment for amyloid and Tau protein), and a new blood test that assesses for these proteins.
Signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease includes: apraxia, aphasia, anomina, agnosia, wandering, Sundowner’s Syndrome and more. Nursing interventions for Alzheimer’s disease include the 7 M’s (memory, movement, maximizing communication and more).
Notes:
#alzheimers #aphasia #apraxia #nclex
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